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Mixed mode properties of CNT reinforced composites using Arcan test rig

Jacob MUTHU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第4期页码 397-404 doi: 10.1007/s11709-015-0321-y

摘要： Composite materials reinforced with carbon nanotubes were mechanical tested using Arcan test rig under Mode-I, Mode-II and mixed mode loading conditions to obtain their fracture properties. The butterfly composite specimens were fabricated with 0.02, 0.05 and 0.1 wt % CNTs. The polyester/CNT composite was fabricated using VRTM (Vacuum Resin Transfer Molding) where the CNTs were first functionalised to reach an optimum properties. Arcan test rig was designed and fabricated to work with the Shimadzu testing machine. The results show that the functionalised CNTs have improved the fracture behavior by acting as bridge between the cracked face. In addition, the fracture properties were not improved for the higher weight fraction of 0.1 wt% CNTs.

关键词： CNT composites Arcan test rig stress intensity factor

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我国海洋钻机设备发展路径研究

刘健

《中国工程科学》 2020年第22卷第6期页码 40-48 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.06.006

摘要：

我国海洋钻机设备的发展已取得一定成就，浅水海洋钻机基本实现了国内自主研制，但深水钻机设备与国外先进水平相比仍有较大差距，未能全面满足我国深水油田开发的需求。本文从浅水钻机、深水钻机和新型海洋钻机三方面分析了国内外海洋钻机设备的发展现状，总结了我国深水钻机设备技术水平发展情况、与国外先进水平的差距，研判了深水钻机设备国产化亟需突破的关键技术并提出了针对性建议。在进行国内外深水钻机关键技术对比分析的基础上，研究指出我国开展海洋钻机装备攻关应从深水钻机研制的设计、材料、工艺、检测、海上试验等方面突破。为明晰海洋钻机设备的发展路径，研究建议：建立和完善海洋钻机设备的标准规范，分类型、分阶段、分层次实施深水钻机设备的研制，建立集成测试和海上试验基地，加强行业间合作，以创新驱动多样化、系列化、自动化、智能化发展。

关键词：海洋钻机深水钻机设备研制检测海上试验

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基于ANSYS的汽车变速器检测试验台架有限元分析

刘鹏浩,付胜,朱晓民

《中国工程科学》 2014年第16卷第8期页码 74-78

摘要：

本文运用Solidworks 软件对汽车变速器检测试验台架进行了三维建模，通过ANSYS软件进行瞬态分析和模态分析，得到了汽车变速器检测试验台架的应力云图，识别出试验台架结构的模态参数，得出台架的固有频率和振型特征。为进一步研究汽车变速器检测试验台振动、疲劳和噪声等奠定了基础，也为汽车变速器检测试验台架结构的优化设计提供了参考依据。

关键词：变速器检测试验台 ANSYS 有限元分析瞬态分析模态分析

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Experimental investigation of fatigue behavior of spur gear in altered tooth-sum gearing

H. K. SACHIDANANDA, Joseph GONSALVIS, H. R. PRAKASH

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第7卷第3期页码 268-278 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0331-6

摘要：

This paper deals with the contact stress, power loss, and pitting of spur gear tooth in altered tooth-sum gearing for a tooth-sum of 100 teeth when altered by±4% tooth-sum. Analytical and experimental methods were performed to investigate and compare the altered tooth-sum gearing against the standard tooth-sum gearing. The experiments were performed using a power recirculating type test rig. The tooth loads for the experimental investigations were determined considering the surface durability of gears. A clear picture of the surface damage was obtained using a scanning electron microphotograph. The negative alteration in the tooth-sum performed better than the positive alteration in a tooth-sum operating between specified center distances.

关键词： spur gear power recirculating test rig altered tooth-sum gearing scanning electron microscopy (SEM)

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Dynamic analysis of a rig shafting vibration based on finite element

Van Thanh NGO, Danmei XIE, Yangheng XIONG, Hengliang ZHANG, Yi YANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第8卷第3期页码 244-251 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0264-8

摘要：

In recently, finite elements method (FEM) has been used most popular for analysis of stress, vibration, heat flow and many other phenomena. Taking a rig shafting as an example, this paper studies the lateral vibration of the rig shafting with multi-degree-of-freedom by using FEM. The FEM model is created and the eigenvalues and eigenvectors are calculated and analyzed to find natural frequencies, critical speeds, mode shapes and unbalance responses. Then critical and mode shapes are determined. Finally, responses of unbalance force are analyzed in case of undamped and damped system, and peaks of response are compared.

关键词： Finite element method (FEM) lateral vibration rig shafting rotor-bearing system dynamic characteristics

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旋挖钻机施工钻孔灌注桩的工艺研究

李林,闵峰

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第4期页码 33-36

摘要：

泰州大桥夹江左汊桥主跨采用87.5 m+3×125 m+87.5 m的五跨连续梁桥，水中主墩基础采用-2.0 m桩径的钻孔灌注桩,最大设计桩长为94 m，采用旋挖钻机施工。文章结合泰州大桥的施工实例，阐述了旋挖钻机成孔的工艺原理，按照工艺流程，重点叙述了泥浆配置、安装钻孔、钻机钻进等工艺，并重点总结了旋挖钻机施工钻孔桩的施工特点，为今后类似工程施工提供了借鉴。

关键词：旋挖钻机施工钻孔灌注桩工艺特点

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墙角火灾环境下钢构件温度分布及响应行为的实验研究

陈长坤,姚斌,杨昀,蔡昕,张和平,万玉田

《中国工程科学》 2005年第7卷第9期页码 70-75

摘要：

利用ISO9705标准火灾实验系统，模拟墙角火灾环境，以薄壁方管钢梁为研究对象，对钢构件在热、力耦合作用下的行为进行实验研究。对火灾的热释放速率与室内温度场，钢构件及其表面气体的温度、构件在火灾作用下的挠度进行测量，分析真实火灾下钢构件温升及温度分布的特点与火灾发展对构件挠度的影响。研究结果表明钢构件在长向上存在着很大的温差，而构件的挠度变化也并不对称，这说明以往研究中往往假设钢构件在长向上温度一致并不恰当，这种非均匀温度场对构件的行为有着重要影响，它使得构件高温区部分更易发生局部屈服而失效，在相同规模的火灾环境下，与均匀温度场相比，这种墙角火灾所导致的非均匀温度场更不利于钢构件的安全。

关键词： ISO标准火灾实验系统钢构件墙角火温度分布

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Effects of delamination in drilling glass/polyester composite

Mehdi GANJIANI, Majid SAFARABADI, Nabi MEHRI-KHANSARI, Hossein ORUJI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第2期页码 552-567 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0699-7

摘要： Considering failures during machinery processes such as drilling, a precautionary analysis involving delamination and the corresponding dissipated energy is required, especially for composite structures. In this context, because of the complexity of both the analysis procedure and experimental test setup, most studies prefer to represent mode I and III interlaminar crack propagation instead of that involving mode II. Therefore, in this study, the effect of mode delamination and corresponding interlaminar crack propagation was considered during the drilling process of multilayered glass/polyester composites using both numerical and experimental approaches. In the experimental procedure, the mechanical properties of the glass/polyester specimens were obtained according to ASTM D3039. In addition, the interlaminar mixed-mode (I/II) loadings were determined using an ARCAN test fixture so that the fracture toughness of glass/polyester could then be identified. The mode II critical strain energy release rate (CSERR) was then obtained using an experimental test performed using an ARCAN fixture and the virtual crack closure technique (VCCT). It was determined that the numerical approach was in accordance with the experiments, and more than 95% of crack propagation could be attributed to mode II compared to the two other modes.

关键词： delamination VCCT ARCAN specimen drilling mode II

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Mechanical performance analysis and stiffness test of a new type of suspension bridge

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第5期页码 1160-1180 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0760-6

摘要： A new type of suspension bridge is proposed based on the gravity stiffness principle. Compared with a conventional suspension bridge, the proposed bridge adds rigid webs and cross braces. The rigid webs connect the main cable and main girder to form a truss that can improve the bending stiffness of the bridge. The cross braces connect the main cables to form a closed space truss structure that can improve the torsional stiffness of the bridge. The rigid webs and cross braces are installed after the construction of a conventional suspension bridge is completed to resist different loads with different structural forms. A new type of railway suspension bridge with a span of 340 m and a highway suspension bridge with a span of 1020 m were designed and analysed using the finite element method. The stress, deflection of the girders, unbalanced forces of the main towers, and natural frequencies were compared with those of conventional suspension bridges. A stiffness test was carried out on the new type of suspension bridge with a small span, and the results were compared with those for a conventional bridge. The results showed that the new suspension bridge had a better performance than the conventional suspension bridge.

关键词： new type of suspension bridge stiffness test mechanical performance railway bridge space truss

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Accelerated life-time test of MEA durability under vehicle operating conditions in PEM fuel cell

Tian TIAN, Jianjun TANG, Wei GUO, Mu PAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第3期页码 326-333 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0489-z

摘要： In this paper, a novel accelerated test method was proposed to analyze the durability of MEA, considering the actual operation of the fuel cell vehicle. The proposed method includes 7 working conditions: open circuit voltage (OCV), idling, rated output, overload, idling-rated cycle, idling-overload cycle, and OCV-idling cycle. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method can effectively destroy the MEA in a short time (165 h). Moreover, the degradation mechanism of MEA was analyzed by measuring the polarization curve, CV, SEM and TEM. This paper may provide a new research direction for improving the durability of fuel cell.

关键词： polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell accelerated life-time test load cycling test durability

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XB高精度火箭橇试验滑轨

杨兴邦

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第10期页码 98-104

摘要：

火箭橇试验滑轨是一种大型地面动态模拟试验设备，用于研究试验件在空中高速度、高加速度运行时所遇到的诸多技术问题，其技术核心是一百万分之一的轨道直线性相对精度。它要求具有稳定的滑轨基础、高直线度准直基准线和光滑平顺的钢轨作为基本条件，需要采用钢轨精密机械加工、钢轨焊接、焊缝超声波探伤、轨道张拉锚固锁定、轨道直线度调整等新工艺技术。我国已成功地建成世界上唯一的、钢轨经精密机械加工后再全程焊接的XB高精度火箭橇试验滑轨。文章论述了它的诞生背景、设计思路、技术方案、技术与建造特点以及应用展望，该滑轨直线度达到世界先进水平。

关键词：火箭滑橇试验滑轨地面动态模拟试验

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Application of metal magnetic memory test in failure analysis and safety evaluation of vessels

Yiliang ZHANG, Song YANG, Xuedong XU

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第4卷第1期页码 40-48 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0003-3

摘要： Metal magnetic memory test (MMMT), which is a new subject in the field of nondestructive examination, can determine regions of stress concentration by testing the distribution of the magnetic field of metal structures so as to effectively diagnose premature defects. MMMT and other test methods are applied in the study to put a propylene purifier of a temperature-jump accident and a leaked ammonia vessel through safety evaluation. Results are as follows: The margin of safety declines after the purifier is overburnt; several stress concentrations are observed within the overburnt area and the level of stress concentration rises after one-month operation; and overpressure operation of the purifier must be strictly avoided and carefully monitored during later operation. Cracks are observed on the ammonia vessel after one year’s service. Extremely high residual stress is the primary cause of cracks. After four years in service, the residual stresses existing in the area of the base metal and weld zone are still greater than 0.5 , which results in numerous cracks due to stress corrosion. From the MMMT result of the ammonia vessel’s defects, it can be seen that the derivative of magnetic density (d p/d ) is an important reference variable. Within the 31 leakage points, 67.7% of them whose dHp/dx values are more than 10, and 96.8% of them whose dHp/dx values are more than 8.

关键词： Metal magnetic memory test (MMMT) nondestructive testing (NDT) residual stress propylene purifier ammonia vessel

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Investigating the raveling test for full-depth reclamation

Robert HILL, Andrew BRAHAM

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第2期页码 222-226 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0423-9

摘要： Full-Depth Reclamation (FDR) is a sustainable method of building pavement structure compared to more traditional rehabilitation methods. Traffic is generally returned to an FDR project before a surface course is applied, as water in the FDR needs time to evaporate from the structure. This should not be done too quickly or raveling occurs. Currently, there is no test to quantify the timing of return to traffic. In this study, the “Raveling test of cold mixed bituminous emulsion samples” (ASTM D7196) was used to compare asphalt emulsion and asphalt foam FDR. Asphalt emulsion samples were cured at ambient and 40 °C temperatures, while asphalt foam samples were cured at ambient temperatures. Raveling test data was collected from 0 to 48 hours of curing, however, samples were often not able to withstand fifteen minutes of testing. Therefore, the “time lasted” (the time the raveling head loses contact with the surface of the sample) was recorded. In general, the asphalt emulsion samples that were cured in the oven at 40 °C had a longer time lasted and showed higher potential for determination of return to traffic. In addition, the asphalt emulsion samples had a longer time lasted than the asphalt foam samples at ambient temperatures.

关键词： raveling full depth reclamation

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Prediction of the shear wave velocity

Amoroso SARA

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第1期页码 83-92 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0234-6

摘要： The paper examines the correlations to obtain rough estimates of the shear wave velocity from non-seismic dilatometer tests (DMT) and cone penetration tests (CPT). While the direct measurement of is obviously preferable, these correlations may turn out useful in various circumstances. The experimental results at six international research sites suggest that the DMT predictions of from the parameters (material index), (horizontal stress index), (constrained modulus) are more reliable and consistent than the CPT predictions from (cone resistance), presumably because of the availability, by DMT, of the stress history index .

关键词： horizontal stress index shear wave velocity flat dilatometer test cone penetration test

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Model test and discrete element method simulation of shield tunneling face stability in transparent clay

Huayang LEI, Yajie ZHANG, Yao HU, Yingnan LIU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第1期页码 147-166 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0704-6

摘要： The stability of the shield tunneling face is an extremely important factor affecting the safety of tunnel construction. In this study, a transparent clay with properties similar to those of Tianjin clay is prepared and a new transparent clay model test apparatus is developed to overcome the “black box” problem in the traditional model test. The stability of the shield tunneling face (failure mode, influence range, support force, and surface settlement) is investigated in transparent clay under active failure. A series of transparent clay model tests is performed to investigate the active failure mode, influence range, and support force of the shield tunneling face under different burial depth conditions, whereas particle flow code three-dimensional numerical simulations are conducted to verify the failure mode of the shield tunneling face and surface settlement along the transverse section under different burial depth conditions. The results show that the engineering characteristics of transparent clay are similar to those of soft clay in Binhai, Tianjin and satisfy visibility requirements. Two types of failure modes are obtained: the overall failure mode (cover/diameter: / ≤1.0) and local failure mode ( / ≥2.0). The influence range of the transverse section is wider than that of the longitudinal section when / ≥2.0. Additionally, the normalized thresholds of the relative displacement and support force ratio are 3%–6% and 0.2–0.4, respectively. Owing to the cushioning effect of the clay layer, the surface settlement is significantly reduced as the tunnel burial depth increases.

关键词： shield tunneling face stability transparent clay model test numerical simulation